Pharma Blog Archives

The U.S. Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act and Supply Chain Ethics

Posted on May 23, 2023May 23, 2023 by rfxadmin

Signed into law on Dec. 23, 2021, the U.S. Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act (UFLPA) prohibits the importation of certain goods into the United States and aims to ensure that businesses are not complicit in human rights abuses. It’s one of many regulations around the world that aim to make supply chains more ethical, transparent, and sustainable.

Let’s see what the act says and examine why supply chain transparency is the key to making such legislation viable and successful. For another example of recent laws, see our blog post about Germany’s Supply Chain Due Diligence Act.

What is the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act?

The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act, or UFLPA, is a response to concerns over forced labor and human rights violations in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in northwest China.

It’s worth quoting the U.S. Customs and Border Patrol website at length for a thorough description. It says the act:

“establishes a rebuttable presumption that the importation of any goods, wares, articles, and merchandise mined, produced, or manufactured wholly or in part in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People’s Republic of China, or produced by certain entities, is prohibited by Section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930 and that such goods, wares, articles, and merchandise are not entitled to entry to the United States.

“The presumption applies unless the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) determines that the importer of record has complied with specified conditions and, by clear and convincing evidence, that the goods, wares, articles, or merchandise were not produced using forced labor.”

Furthermore, the act required the Forced Labor Enforcement Task Force, chaired by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, to develop a strategy for supporting the legislation. This strategy was published on June, 1, 2021, and includes the UFLPA Entity List, which names “entities in Xinjiang that mine, produce, or manufacture wholly or in part any goods, wares, articles and merchandise with forced labor.”

Key provisions

The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act has provisions to combat forced labor and enhance supply chain transparency, including:

- - Import restrictions: As we noted above, the act bans the importation of goods produced wholly or in part in China’s Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, unless importers can provide clear and convincing evidence that the goods were not produced with forced labor.
  - Enhanced due diligence: The act places the responsibility on companies to exercise due diligence and conduct comprehensive risk assessments of their supply chains to identify any forced labor risks or links to Xinjiang.
  - Publicly available information: Companies must disclose information on their efforts to ensure their supply chains are free from forced labor, including the specific measures they have implemented and the results of their due diligence assessments.
  - Coordination with government agencies: The act requires collaboration between government agencies, including the Department of Homeland Security, Department of Labor, and Department of State, to ensure effective enforcement and implementation of the legislation.

Implications and challenges for businesses

The act has very real implications for businesses operating in the United States. They must have the means to see into their partners’ operations, as well as into the often opaque landscape of secondary and tertiary suppliers. Other challenges include:

- - Not being able to produce audits that meet Forced Labor Enforcement Task Force credibility requirements
  - Traceability challenges in the supply chain (e.g., aggregated and commingled products with difficult-to-prove provenance)
  - Regulations in other countries that make compliance more difficult/complicated
  - Challenges related to sourcing (i.e., not being able to find a crucial raw material or item outside of China)

The government provides resources for businesses concerning the Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act. For example, see the U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s UFLPA Operational Guidance for Importers and its FAQs about the act.

Final thoughts

The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act is part of broader regulatory efforts to eliminate forced labor and human rights abuses in global supply chains. Businesses must be prepared (and willing) to audit and assess their operations, engage with their suppliers (and their suppliers’ suppliers), and establish mechanisms to trace the origin of goods to ensure compliance.

And they should be proactive about it. A first step is contacting us to talk about supply chain transparency. Our transparency solutions enable companies to track and trace their supply chains in real time from virtually anywhere in the world. Our technology makes every product a “digital asset” with a certified, provable, and sharable provenance. We can show you how it works with a short demo.

If you’re interested in learning more about supply chain transparency, check out the articles below. “Transparency” means just about the same thing in every supply chain, so consider these as case studies about how it works, why it’s important, and the business benefits it can bring.

Understanding the German Supply Chain Due Diligence Act

Posted on May 23, 2023May 23, 2023 by rfxadmin

The German Supply Chain Due Diligence Act (SCDDA) is a significant piece of legislation that aims to promote corporate responsibility and ensure human rights and environmental standards in global supply chains.

Let’s take a look at its key provisions, its objectives, and its potential impact on businesses operating in Germany and beyond.

Background and objectives

Enacted on Jan. 1, 2023, the German Supply Chain Due Diligence Act aims to hold companies accountable for their actions and foster transparency in global trade. Its overarching goal is to prevent and address human rights abuses, enhance sustainability, and create a level playing field for responsible businesses.

Broadly speaking, the law is based on major human rights conventions and uses those conventions to establish requirements or prohibitions to prevent child labor, forced labor, and slavery; maintain occupational safety and health standards; ensure adequate wages and workers’ right to form trade unions or representation bodies; and access to food and water.

By introducing mandatory due diligence measures, the law will enhance supply chain transparency, mitigate risks, and help ensure corporate accountability. While compliance may present challenges, it also opens opportunities for companies to embrace sustainability, protect their brands, and contribute to a more sustainable and ethical business environment.

What are the provisions of the Supply Chain Due Diligence Act?

The Supply Chain Due Diligence Act mandates that German companies (i.e., those with their central administration, principal place of business, administrative headquarters, legal registration, or branch office in Germany) are required to respect human rights by implementing defined due diligence obligations.

This year (2023), the law applies to companies with 3,000 or more employees in Germany; in 2024, it will apply to companies with at least 1,000 employees in Germany. It applies to the actions of companies, their contractual partners, and other suppliers. Practically, this means a company is responsible for everything that happens along its entire supply chain. Key requirements include the following:

- - Risk assessments: Companies are required to conduct regular risk assessments to identify potential human rights and environmental risks associated with their suppliers and business partners.
  - Preventive measures: Companies must implement appropriate measures to prevent or mitigate any identified risks. This could include engaging with suppliers, establishing and enforcing codes of conduct, and training employees to raise awareness and promote responsible practices.
  - Remediation and grievance mechanisms: Companies must have effective grievance mechanisms to enable workers and stakeholders to report abuses and seek redress. They must demonstrate their commitment to resolving issues and rectifying any harm caused.
  - Transparency and reporting: Companies must disclose relevant information related to their supply chains, including their risk assessment procedures, preventive measures, and the effectiveness of their due diligence efforts. Transparency helps stakeholders hold companies accountable and facilitates informed consumer choices.

How could the act affect businesses?

The German Supply Chain Due Diligence Act has significant implications for businesses operating in Germany. Regulated companies will need to invest in developing robust due diligence systems, which may require additional resources and expertise. Compliance costs will likely vary depending on how large a company is, the complexity of its supply chain, and its existing practices and procedures.

Benefits of compliance include improved brand reputation, trust among partners and stakeholders, and reduced risk of legal and reputational damage resulting from human rights violations. Moreover, companies that embrace responsible supply chain practices can gain a competitive advantage by attracting socially conscious consumers and investors who prioritize ethical sourcing.

Final thoughts

In the global context, the spirt of the German Supply Chain Due Diligence Act aligns with other international efforts, such as the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas. It also aligns with other legislation in Europe, such as France’s Duty of Vigilance Law, the UK’s Modern Slavery Act, and the proposed European Union mandatory due diligence legislation.

As we said in our article about the U.S. Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act, companies should anticipate the passing of more regulations aimed at eliminating forced labor and human rights abuses in global supply chains. They must be prepared (and willing) to audit and assess their operations, engage with their suppliers (and their suppliers’ suppliers), and establish mechanisms to trace the origin of goods to ensure compliance.

Supply chain transparency is the key to compliance. To see how it works, contact us today for a short demo of our transparency solutions, which will empower you to track and trace your supply chain in real time from virtually anywhere in the world and provide a certified, provable, and sharable provenance for your products.

And if you’re interested in learning more about supply chain transparency, check out our blog articles below. “Transparency” means just about the same thing in every supply chain, so consider them as case studies about how it works, why it’s important, and the business benefits it can bring.

India iVEDA Deadline Delayed for Track and Trace, Reporting

Posted on April 3, 2023April 4, 2023 by rfxadmin

Our team in India just let us know that the iVEDA deadline for track and trace and reporting has been delayed. Here are the details.

As we wrote in early March, the Indian government had stipulated March 31 as the deadline for full track and trace and reporting to the Integrated Validation of Exports of Drugs from India and its Authentication (iVEDA) portal. The rules were to apply to both small-scale industry (SSI)- and non-SSI-manufactured drugs.

Today, however, the government extended the iVEDA deadline to August 1, 2023. The announcement was made through Public Notice 3/2023, which was signed by signed by Director General of Foreign Trade Santosh Kumar Sarangi.

As of today, the August deadline for barcoding the Top 300 domestic pharma brands is still valid. This requires eight data points to be incorporated into a bar code or QR code, including a unique product identification code (e.g., GTIN), the brand name, and manufacturing and expiry dates. The codes must be printed on or affixed to the primary packaging.

Final thoughts about the iVEDA deadline and requirements

We will of course continue to monitor these regulations and post news when necessary. Bookmark our blog and check back often to make sure you’re keeping up to date. And contact us today if you have any questions about this delay or compliance in any other country where you do you business.

For a good overview of India’s pharma regulations, read our update from September 2022. If we may say, our “Final thoughts” section in that article was prescient. We wrote that “India’s track and trace requirements are obviously evolving” and the pharma industry should “expect more changes as the deadlines for APIs [active pharmaceutical ingredients], iVEDA reporting, and barcoding get nearer.”

That post also cited some statistics from India’s Department of Pharmaceuticals’ 2020-21 Annual Report. Check those out and compare them with the highlights from the 2021-2022 Annual Report below. India remains one of largest and most important pharma markets in the world — and we can help ensure you stay compliant as its regulations evolve.

India pharma stats, 2021-2022

• India provides generic medicines to more than 200 countries.
• India is home to 8 of the world’s 20 largest manufacturers of generic medicines.
• More than 55 percent of its pharma exports to go to “highly regulated markets.”
• Ninety percent of World Health Organization (WHO) pre-qualified APIs are sourced from India.
• Sixty-five to 70 percent of the WHO’s vaccine requirements are sourced from India.
• As of August 2021, there were 741 U.S. FDA-compliant manufacturing sites in India.
• As of December 2020, Indian companies had secured nearly 4,400 abbreviated new drug application (ANDA) market authorizations.

India Track and Trace Regulations: March 31 Deadline for Exports & More

Posted on March 2, 2023April 4, 2023 by rfxadmin

This year will be a busy one for pharmaceutical compliance as governments around the world continue to roll out their serialization and traceability plans. India track and trace regulations are no exception: There was a deadline in January, there’s one at the end of this month, and another is coming in August.

Let’s take a look at the India track and trace regulations and what the pharma industry has to do to be ready.

January 1: Labeling APIs

As of January 1, 2023, all imported and domestically manufactured active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) must be labeled with QR codes “at each level packaging that store data or information.” This is the culmination of a process that began in June 2019, when the Drugs Technical Advisory Board (DTAB) approved a proposal mandating QR codes on APIs. At that time, DTAB estimated that the regulation would affect approximately 2,500 APIs.

The QR codes must contain 11 data points, including a unique product identification code, the name of the API, and the manufacturing and expiry dates. The QR codes must link to a national database with pricing data from the National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority.

March 31: Full track and trace and reporting to the iVEDA Portal for exported drugs

For all exported drugs, March 31 is the deadline for full track and trace and reporting to the Integrated Validation of Exports of Drugs from India and its Authentication (iVEDA) portal. The rules apply to both small-scale industry (SSI)- and non-SSI-manufactured drugs. The iVEDA portal is used for only registering and reporting exported drugs.

August 1: Barcoding for the Top 300 domestic pharma brands

These rules were originally scheduled to come into force on May 1, but that was pushed back to August 1. The rules stipulate that eight data points must be incorporated into a “Bar Code or Quick Response Code” to be printed on or affixed to the primary packaging, including a unique product identification code (e.g., GTIN), the brand name, and manufacturing and expiry dates.

Final thoughts about the India track and trace regulations

We talked about these regulations in more detail last year. See that article here. As we said then, our team has worked in the India pharma market for many years and understands its complexities, challenges, and benefits. We have offices and experienced staff in the country. Contact us today to learn more about the India track and trace regulations and to arrange a demo. In about 15 minutes, one of our supply chain experts can show you how we can help ensure you comply while maximizing your impact in this huge market.

Brazil ANVISA Update: SNCM Status, Medical Device Regulations & More

Posted on February 28, 2023March 2, 2023 by rfxadmin

We thought it was time for a Brazil ANVISA update. News has been sporadic since last September, when the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency — ANVISA — permanently suspended its contract with DataPrev to develop and manage the country’s National Medicine Control System (SNCM).

Let’s catch up with what’s been happening.

Brazil ANVISA update, Part 1: What happened in 2022?

We’ve been following Brazil’s pharma regulations regularly since the SNCM was established in 2016. There were several delays in the rollout, but as we wrote early last year, the industry was anticipating an April 28, 2022, deadline to comply with the SNCM’s serialization, reporting, and traceability requirements.

However, just before that date, the SNCM was put on hold. Events start to cascade from there:

- - May 12: Law No. 14,338/2022 was enacted. This mandated that manufacturers had to provide digital versions of the printed inserts included in drug packaging. The inserts had to have a QR code linked to a digital version maintained in a database authorized by ANVISA. The law also confirmed that ANVISA intended to have a drug traceability system, but did not stipulate a timeline for implementing it.
  - May 23: ANVISA suspended its contract with SNCM developer DataPrev for 120 days.
  - September 12: ANVISA dissolves its contract with DataPrev, and test and production environments were not accessible. The SNCM is effectively suspended.

In case you need a refresher, the SNCM was going to require every pharma supply chain actor to capture, store, and exchange data electronically. All products were to be labeled with a GS1 2D Data Matrix barcode with five data points:

1. 1. Global Trade Item Number (GTIN)
  2. A 13-digit ANVISA Medicine Registry Number
  3. A unique 13-digit serial number
  4. An expiration date (in the MM/YY format for human-readable form)
  5. A lot/batch number (up to 20 alphanumeric characters)

For the April 28, 2022, deadline specifically, all prescription medicines had to be serialized; all manufacturers and importers had to have a “serialization plan” in the SNCM portal; and all supply chain stakeholders had to submit product event reports to the SNCM.

Brazil ANVISA update, Part 2: Will the SNCM resume in 2023?

On February 14, 2023, a Brazilian publication called JOTA, which monitors Brazil’s government and whose stated mission “is to make Brazilian institutions more predictable,” published an interview with ANVISA Director-President Antonio Barra Torres.

Torres said “the merits of traceability are still alive,” adding the time was right to resume the discussion about the SNCM. Other key takeaways from the interview included the following:

- - Torres said ANVISA was ready, technologically, to support the SNCM; resumption should be able to occur quickly.
  - He believes big manufacturers and most smaller ones are ready to comply.
  - He expects the World Health Organization (WHO) will inspect the SNCM in 2024; the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has also offered to inspect the system.
  - He said traceability data wouldn’t solve drug shortages, but could contribute to mitigation strategies.
  - ANVISA is currently short-staffed and needs to fill about 1,110 positions.

Brazil ANVISA update, Part 3: Medical device regulations

New medical device regulations were supposed to go into effect this month but were put on hold. Here’s the context:

Law RDC 751/2022 was passed September 21, 2022. It included rules for medical device classification and regulatory regimes and replaced two previous laws, RDC 185/2001 and RDC 40/2015. Here are some of the requirements in simple terms:

- - Risk classification of medical devices is consolidated into four levels (low, medium, high, maximum). The classifications rules and medical device definitions generally follow the European Medical Device Regulation (MDR).
  - There are specific classification rules for new technologies, including software as a medical device (SaMD) and nanomaterials.
  - Manufacturers must upload medical device instructions for use to an ANVISA portal.
  - Instructions for use, labels, and ANVISA documentation must be in Portuguese; other documents can be in English.
  - The law includes requirements for Brazilian Good Manufacturing Practices.
  - The law does not apply to vitro diagnostic devices, refurbished devices, and personal medical devices.

At the time we’re writing this, it seems the proposed timeline to comply with the new classification rules will begin next year and end in 2028.

Final thoughts

We’ll continue monitoring what’s happening with ANVISA and the SNCM — the entire global regulatory landscape — so bookmark our blog and check back often.

If you have questions about the regulations, contact us today. Our team in Brazil can walk you through what to expect for 2023 and beyond and demonstrate how our pre-configured and pre-validated solutions take the guesswork out of SNCM compliance. We’ve been ready to go since 2016 and we’re ready to go today.

Uzbekistan Serialization Requirements: March 1 Deadline and More

Posted on February 27, 2023February 28, 2023 by rfxadmin

The rollout of Uzbekistan serialization requirements will continue on schedule as spring 2023 approaches. Let’s take a look at the requirements, what happened last year, and what to expect for the March 1 deadline.

What are the Uzbekistan serialization requirements?

Uzbekistan traceability system is called ASL BELGISI. It’s managed by CRPT Turon, the equivalent of the Center for Research in Perspective Technologies (CRPT), which manages Russia’s National Track and Trace Digital System (Chestny ZNAK).

Today, the Uzbekistan serialization requirements apply to seven product categories: medicines; medical devices; tobacco; alcohol, including wine and wine products; beer and brewing products; appliances; and water and soft drinks. Regulated products must be labeled with DataMatrix codes that include four data points:

- - A 14-digit product code (i.e., Global Trade Item Number, or GTIN)
  - A 13-character randomized serial number generated by CRPT Turon or a supply chain participant
  - A four-character verification key generated by CRPT Turon
  - A 44-character verification code (i.e., crypto code) generated by CRPT Turon

Product packaging must also have the following human-readable information:

- - GTIN
  - Serial number
  - Expiration date in YY/MM/DD format
  - Batch number or lot number

Key dates in 2022

It’s been a little more than a year since Uzbekistan’s State Tax Committee extended the schedule for the “phased introduction of mandatory digital markings” of pharmaceutical products.

We’re also approaching the 1-year anniversary (April 2) of Resolution No. 149, which established the labeling deadlines for four groups of medicinal products and medical devices. There were two deadlines in 2022:

- - September 1: Products produced with secondary (external) packaging (except for orphan drugs)
  - November 1: Products produced with primary (internal) packaging (provided there is no secondary packaging) and medical agricultural products (except for orphan drugs)

March 1 Uzbekistan serialization requirements

Resolution No. 149 stipulates two labeling deadlines for March 1:

- - Products and medical products to treat orphan diseases as designated by the Ministry of Health
  - Drugs included in the register of drugs with foreign registrations, the results of which are recognized in Uzbekistan

As with the 2022 deadlines, it seems that Resolution No. 149 established a grace period for mandatory labeling in two circumstances:

- - Products that were produced domestically within 90 days of these deadlines do not have to be labeled and may be circulated.
  - Products that were imported within 180 days of these deadlines do not have to be labeled and may be circulated.

Final thoughts

The Uzbekistan serialization requirements mean that pharma companies that want to do business in the country have a long list of items to check off their compliance to-do list, including generating and managing serial numbers, obtaining crypto codes from CRPT Turon, and monitoring packing lines to ensure compliance with the requirements.

The good news is that we can help you navigate the requirements. Contact us today and schedule a short demo of our compliance management solution, which takes the guesswork out of compliance by automatically sending reports to regulators, adapting to changes in laws, and updating your partners. Our digital supply chain experts will help you evaluate your needs and work directly with you to design a solution customized for your business.

And sure to bookmark our blog and check back for more updates about Uzbekistan serialization requirements and requirements in other Commonwealth of Independent States nations and members of the Eurasian Economic Union.

Published Feb. 27, 2023

Join Antares Vision Group at the HDA 2022 Traceability Seminar in October

Posted on September 27, 2022September 26, 2022 by rfxadmin

Antares Vision Group will be at the HDA 2022 Traceability Seminar October 12-14 at the Marriott Marquis in Washington, D.C. We’re an official sponsor, and our team will be there with our latest technologies and solutions. Stop by to meet us!

The HDA 2022 Traceability Seminar brings together healthcare supply chain leaders to learn more about implementation milestones of the DSCSA as distributors, manufacturers, and dispensers implement serialization and traceability technologies.

Attendees also discuss innovative approaches and lessons learned from the first 9 years of the DSCSA rollout and what to expect during the “last mile” of implementation until the November 2023 deadline.

Get the latest DSCSA intel from our experts at the HDA 2022 Traceability Seminar

If you’re reading this, chances are you know that we’ve been leading on the DSCSA since Day 1 and have collaborated with the pharma industry to test key systems, work out kinks, and help all stakeholders prepare. Here are just a few examples:

And it should come as no surprise that Herb Wong, our SVP of product and strategy, will be at the Seminar. He’ll be at our booth, of course, but he’s also doing the “EPCIS Onboarding Across the Supply Chain” panel discussion on Thursday, Oct. 13, from 1:30 to 2:30 p.m.

Herb will also host a Friday morning roundtable about DSCSA readiness. Antares Vision Group is sponsoring the day’s Roundtable Discussions (9:35-10:50 a.m.), where you can discuss operational issues associated with traceability implementation. Choose a topic that interests you and rotate through the tables with your peers. Highlights from the discussions will be shared at the end of the session.

With this experience and knowledge, our team wants to answer your questions and show you our solutions while you’re at the Seminar. No matter how far along you are in your DSCSA preparations, time with our team will be time well spent — informative, interesting, and maybe even game-changing.

Final thoughts

We’re just a year away from the final DSCSA deadline and the full serialization of the U.S. pharmaceutical supply chain. The HDA 2022 Traceability Seminar is really the place to be when it comes to the “right now” of the DSCSA for product identification, product tracing, product verification, and requirements for authorized trading partners.

So bring your DSCSA questions for our team and let us know how things are going. Visit our booth. Sit in on Herb’s Thursday EPCIS panel discussion and his Friday roundtable. If you have 3 minutes, take our DSCSA Readiness Survey. You can also check out our DSCSA Compliance Library for all of our resources about the law.

We hope to see you in October!

FDA National Drug Code: Proposed Format Changes & Industry Impact

Posted on September 12, 2022March 17, 2023 by rfxadmin

If you follow our blog (and we know you do), you know that pharma stakeholders will have to verify all products at the individual package level when the Drug Supply Chain Security Act (DSCSA) goes into full effect about 1 year from now. The FDA National Drug Code, or NDC, is integral to this requirement.

At some point, however, the FDA realized that it was “running out of” National Drug Codes. One reason was the pandemic, which the Agency said “significantly increased the rate at which NDC codes were issued.” In response, on July 22 it published a proposed rule, “Revising the National Drug Code Format and Drug Label Barcode Requirements.”

What does this mean? How will a new FDA National Drug Code format affect the pharma industry? Let’s take a look.

What is the FDA National Drug Code?

The FDA National Drug Code is the Agency’s “standard for uniquely identifying drugs marketed in the United States.” The codes are usually found on product labeling and might be part of the universal product code (UPC). Today, National Drug Codes comprise 10 digits in three segments:

1. 1. Labeler code (4 or 5 digits), which identifies the labeler. The FDA defines a labeler as “any firm that manufactures (including repackers or relabelers), or distributes (under its own name) the drug.” The FDA assigns labeler codes.
  2. Product code (3 or 4 digits), which identifies strength, dosage form, and formulation for a particular firm. Firms assign product codes.
  3. Packaging code (1 or 2 digits), which identifies the package size and type. Firms assign packaging codes.

National Drug Code formats are commonly referred to as “5-4-1,” “5-4-2” (HIPAA standard), “5-3-2,” or “4-4-2” depending on how many digits each segment has. The illustration below is adapted from an FDA graphic depicting the current format.

The Proposed Changes to the FDA National Drug Code

The proposed FDA National Drug Code would have a “uniform” 12-digit, “6-4-2” format, as illustrated below. The Agency says this “would facilitate the adoption of a single NDC format by all stakeholders [and] eliminate the need to convert NDCs from one of FDA’s prescribed formats to a different standardized format used by other sectors of the healthcare industry (e.g., healthcare providers and payors).”

When and how will the change be rolled out?

The FDA proposes an effective date 5 years after the final rule is published “to allow stakeholders time to develop and implement changes to their systems.” Pharma stakeholders that use FDA-assigned codes will need to have systems in place to handle the new format by the effective date.

The Agency would begin assigning new 12-digit National Drug Codes in the 6-4-2 format on the effective date. Drug listing files submitted on or after the effective date would also have to use the new 6-4-2 format.

However, “to reduce the burden on registrants,” the FDA says it won’t require companies to resubmit all of their existing drug listing files; instead, the Agency itself would convert the existing codes “by adding leading zeros to the appropriate segments.” For example:

And though the Agency’s proposing a 3-year labeling transition period from the effective date, it’s encouraging manufacturers and distributors to start using the new National Drug Codes as early as possible. Still, during this 3-year period the FDA “does not intend to object to the continued use of 10-digit NDCs on the labeling of products that were assigned a 10-digit NDC prior to the effective date.”

Impact on product labeling

Product labeling will have to be updated with the uniform 12-digit FDA National Drug Code. To make this easier for stakeholders, the Agency proposes revising requirements to allow linear or nonlinear barcodes — as long as they meet mandated standards.

The FDA says it’s also looking into revising 21 CFR 201.25(c), “Bar code label requirements,” to “accommodate potential advances in technologies and standards development by allowing the use of unspecified automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) formats other than linear or non-linear barcodes … without the need to revise the regulation again.”

Industry reaction

These proposed changes to the FDA National Drug Code would affect manufacturers of human and animal drugs, insurers/payors, wholesale distributors, drug databanks, pharmacies, hospitals, small clinics and healthcare practitioners, dentist offices, prisons, nursing care facilities, importers, federal agencies using the National Drug Code, state and local governments, and other supply chain stakeholders that use FDA National Drug Codes.

The pharma industry has known for at least 4 years that the FDA was concerned about running out of codes and was thinking about proposing changes. The Agency held a public hearing on Nov. 5, 2018, “to receive input from stakeholders on how to maximize the benefit and minimize this impact well in advance of any forthcoming change.” Four options were presented at this hearing:

- - Option A: Use 5-digit labeler codes until they run out, then adopt a 6-digit labeler code
  - Option B: Start using 6-digit labeler codes on a designated date
  - Option C: Change to an 11-digit format, then a 12-digit format, when the 5 -digit label codes are gone
  - Option D: Adopt the 12-digit format before the 5-digit labeler codes are gone.

Most comments from industry supported Option D. “Comments were in favor of FDA’s adoption of a single standardized format that could be used by all stakeholders,” the Agency reported. “The majority of the commenters were in favor of FDA establishing a certain date when stakeholders would be required to have systems capable of handling the new format.”

However, industry leaders raised concerns in their public comments. The Healthcare Distribution Alliance (HDA) noted its “agreement with those speaking at the public meeting that … Options, A, B and C, are infeasible. Some of them, for example, would negatively impact bar code technology and interoperability, and others would perpetuate, or even exacerbate the confusion created by the current multiple formats, by adding even more formats. These three Options could also result in creating duplicate NDCs.”

GS1, with input from its New NDC Format Workgroup, advocated for Option D, including implementing “a standards-based format for NDC” (i.e., using a Global Trade Item Number, or GTIN; see below). It also noted concerns, saying this option had “cons,” including its impact on standardized numerical identifiers (SNIs). Let’s examine this a bit further.

FDA National Drug Codes will play a significant role when the DSCSA goes into full effect on Nov. 27, 2023. At that time, drug package labels must include a product identifier. A product identifier is a standardized graphic that contains the product’s SNI, a lot number, and an expiration date. The SNI comprises two data points: the National Drug Code and a unique alphanumeric serial number.

With this in mind, GS1 commented that the “SNI Guidance will need modification in advance of and as preparation for Option D implementation. The SNI guidance defined SNI as NDC + serial number. However … this does not support unique identification at every level of the packaging hierarchy, and therefore is not sufficient to support traceability. GS1 members had been able to overcome this challenge by embedding the NDC in a GTIN. However, with Option D, members will no longer have this technical mechanism.”

Final thoughts

That’s a lot to think about. The comment period for the FDA National Drug Code proposed rule ends Nov. 22, 2022, and industry stakeholders are sure to once again share their opinions in the docket. Some of the issues that could be raised include the following:

- - Companies’ serialization systems and ancillary systems could be affected because they contain and use FDA National Drug Codes.
  - Systems will have to accept and store both the current and new formats.
  - Stakeholders will have to know which format to send and when.
  - Systems may have to carry both formats simultaneously for current medicines.

The biggest takeaway, though, is that companies should be thinking about the change and preparing now. This is a DSCSA mantra, right? Prepare for the Verification Router Service (VRS). Prepare for ATPs. Prepare for product identification, serialization, and EPCIS.

If you have questions, contact us today to speak to one of our DSCSA and supply chain experts. We’re participating on the GS1 New NDC Format Workgroup and have been actively involved in discussions about how the changes will affect pharma companies. With only a little more than a year to go before rollout of the DCSCA is complete, now is the time to connect with us and make sure you’re going to be ready for the full serialization of the U.S. pharma supply chain.

DSCSA Summary: A Look at the Law as We Count Down to 2023

Posted on September 7, 2022March 17, 2023 by rfxadmin

As the clock continues to tick toward the November 27, 2023, U.S. Drug Supply Chain Security Act (DSCSA) deadline, we thought it was a good time for a recap. Our DSCSA summary will hit the major milestones, changes from the FDA, and compliance requirements.

We’ll also include an updated timeline graphic that first appeared during our three-part DSCSA webinar series last summer, which dealt with authorized trading partners (ATPs), EPCIS, and the Verification Router Service (VRS). We wrote about those topics twice just last week: Check out our FDA DSCSA Guidance Update: EPICS, ATPs, and the Countdown to 2023 and the Q&A with our SVP of Product and Strategy Herb Wong.

Now, on to the DSCSA summary: everything you need to know in 5 minutes.

What is the DSCSA?

The DSCSA is a 10-year plan to transform the U.S. pharmaceutical supply chain. It became law in November 2013, as Title II of the Drug Quality and Security Act (DQSA), and has been rolled out since 2015. Implementation culminates on November 27, 2023, at which time the U.S. pharmaceutical supply chain will be fully serialized.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) says the goal of the DSCSA is “to build an electronic, interoperable system to identify and trace certain prescription drugs as they are distributed in the United States.”

Furthermore, the DSCSA “will enhance [the] FDA’s ability to help protect consumers from exposure to drugs that may be counterfeit, stolen, contaminated, or otherwise harmful” and “improve detection and removal of potentially dangerous drugs from the drug supply chain to protect U.S. consumers.”

Who has to comply?

Manufacturers, wholesalers, dispensers, repackagers, and third-party logistics providers (3PLs) must comply with DSCSA if they want to do business in the United States.

Key requirements

The FDA puts DSCSA requirements into four categories. This is what Herb Wong calls “the four cornerstones” of the law.

1. Product identification (serialization). A unique product identifier (PI), such as a bar code, must be placed on certain prescription drug packages.

2. Product tracing. Stakeholders must provide information about a drug and who handled it each time it’s sold. This includes the following:

- - - Transaction information (TI) includes the product name; its strength and dosage form; its National Drug Code (NDC); container size and number of containers; lot number; transaction date; shipment date; and the name and address of the businesses from which and to which ownership is being transferred. Note: We’ll be writing more about NDCs soon.
    - The transaction statement (TS) is a paper or electronic attestation by the business transferring ownership of the product that it has complied with the DSCSA.
    - Transaction history (TH) is an electronic statement with the TI for every transaction going back to the manufacturer. Note: TH will not be required after the November 2023 deadline.

For the record, the FDA defines “transaction” as the “transfer of product between persons in which a change of ownership occurs.”

3. Verification (VRS). Stakeholders must establish systems and processes to verify PIs for certain prescription drugs packages. The Verification Router Service (VRS) enables a rapid, secure exchange of data to do this

4. Authorized trading partners (ATPs). The DSCSA also says that if you’re not an ATP, your access to the U.S. pharma supply chain will be severely restricted or denied altogether. All manufacturers, wholesale distributors, repackagers, 3PLs, and dispensers and their trading partners must be ATPs

If you want to know more, read our in-depth explanations of the VRS and ATPs. Or just contact us today to talk to one of our DSCSA experts!

Other requirements

Detection and response + notification. Stakeholders must quarantine and promptly investigate suspect or illegitimate drugs. They must also notify the FDA and other interested parties when they find such drugs.

Licensing. Wholesalers must report their licensing status and contact information to the FDA. Third-party logistics providers must obtain a state or federal license.

DSCSA Summary: Timeline

The FDA has delayed the rollout of the DSCSA two times (September 2019 and October 2020). However, an FDA official said in August 2021 that there would be no more delays. November 27, 2023, is a done deal.

Final thoughts

If you have any questions about this DSCSA summary, contact us today. There might be one or two things that surprised you — like the sunsetting of the transaction history (TH) requirement — and we want to make sure you’re sure about what’s happening.

Our extensive writing about the law is a valuable resource, but nothing beats spending 15 minutes with one of our supply chain experts. So schedule a short demo of our DSCSA compliance solution. Our No. 1 priority is to help you understand the regulations and be prepared for the full serialization of the U.S. pharma supply chain next November.

And if you happen to be going to this year’s HDA Traceability Seminar in Washington, D.C., drop us a line here to arrange a meeting and be sure to catch Herb Wong in the “EPCIS Onboarding Across the Supply Chain” panel discussion and his roundtable about industry readiness for November 2023.

DSCSA Compliance Update with Herb Wong: What’s Happening Right Now?

Posted on August 30, 2022May 12, 2023 by rfxadmin

Herb Wong’s a busy guy. We said that the last time we did a DSCSA compliance update with him, and it’s still true today Just last week, for instance, he participated in two Healthcare Distribution Alliance (HDA) webinars, “DSCSA 2023: How a Service Provider Can Help You Prepare” and “All About the VRS.” These were part of the HDA’s 2022 Traceability Webinar Series, which Antares Vision Group is sponsoring.

That’s why it was such a treat to get some one-on-one time with Herb for a real-time DSCSA compliance update — what’s happening right now with industry readiness.

We asked Herb to talk about what he calls “the four cornerstones” of DSCSA compliance: product identification (EPCIS and serialization), product tracing, authorized trading partners (ATPs), and verification (the Verification Router Service, or VRS). Here’s what he had to say.

DSCSA compliance update #1: product identification (EPCIS and serialization)

All solution providers’ systems are ready to send and receive serialization data in the EPCIS format, but we still need to help the industry get data flowing. To use an analogy, even though the pipes have been laid and connected, we’re just not getting enough water through to test for “leaks” in the system — errors in send/receive processing. Just as important, we need time to “flush the pipes” to ensure that we have “clean water.” By that I mean ensuring that the data is correct.

We’re trying to do everything we can. We’ve actually developed a standard process for onboarding customers and getting data exchanged with other solution partners. We’re going to be piloting this so we can refine the onboarding process. [Herb’s talking about the EPCIS Onboarding Guide Workgroup and its draft “Guide for Accelerated EPCIS Onboarding.”]

What’s the key takeaway, Herb?

The key takeaway is, “Let’s connect, let’s get the serialized data out.” Time is running out. That’s the biggest message. People who think they have time to wait until next year, you really don’t. Because what’s going to happen is similar to what happened when the lot-based laws went live: The people who waited couldn’t find help. All the solution providers were busy; everyone was busy. And everyone who waited was trying to get through the same door to meet the deadline.

So, if you’re a manufacturer, you have to start sending data early. If you’re serializing and not sending data downstream, start now. Don’t wait till the November 2023 deadline. You have to “turn on the switch.” Send your data downstream now.

At this point, we decided to ask Herb about aggregation.

DSCSA doesn’t say anything about aggregation. But wholesalers are asking for aggregation to support their business processes. When you send electronic data, wholesalers need to know what serial numbers are in the cases they just received.

Aggregation is a business requirement for operational efficiency. For example, if you get 10 cases with a hundred items in each case, you don’t want to open the cases and scan every item to see what you received and will ultimately ship. Aggregation makes things faster and more efficient. It’s similar to how VRS had both a legal and a business requirement: The legal requirement mandated a response within 24 hours for saleable returns verification. But given the potential volume of saleable returns, 24 hours was too slow for wholesalers; it would cause the receiving docs to fill up with products pending verification. For this reason, wholesalers mandated a business requirement of sub-second response times.

DSCSA compliance update #2: product tracing

A centralized solution or standard has not been defined for product tracing. A lot of different approaches have been discussed, but there’ve been no specs, no firm requirements, that solution providers can implement at this time.

Right now, we’re supporting the industry’s manual process for product tracing. The HDA, NABP, and PDG have done a really good job of outlining what’s required for tracing. [That’s the Healthcare Distribution Alliance, the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy, and the Partnership for DSCSA Governance.]

They’ve walked through a series of scenarios that can be executed manually and have helped the industry to better understand the complexity and nuances of tracing a product through the system. In parallel to this effort, the PDG is working on a data format to communicate traceability requests and responses. PDG is putting that information into a JSON format to communicate the need. [JSON is the JavaScript Object Notation data interchange format. Its advantages are that it uses human-readable text and is a more compact means of communicating data.]

What’s the key takeaway, Herb?

Pay attention to the traceability scenarios that are coming out of the HDA, NABP, and PDG. They’re doing a really good job of trying to show how tracing workflows will happen. They’ll be publishing more results and helping the industry understand. Watch for these, because it will enlighten you about what’s coming in 2023.

DSCSA compliance update #3 and #4: ATPs and VRS

From a solution provider standpoint, the ATP and VRS initiatives have become one and the same. Right now, ATPs have only been applied against the VRS, so the timing for us to get that done has become one implementation effort.

When you make a VRS request, you have to prove you’re an ATP. ATP is there to confirm two things: you are who you say you are and you are authorized to transact business. Proof that you are an ATP is especially important in the VRS network since trading partners may not have direct relationships with other VRS participants.

For VRS, there’s a new version 1.3 that will be deployed before the DSCSA 2023 deadline. The current version we have is based on the 1.2 standards interface. The 1.3 version “opens up” VRS beyond what it was intended to do, which is the verification of saleable returns.

What people should know is that VRS 1.3 is not backwards-compatible. This means VRS providers have to upgrade at once. To ensure that the upgrade occurs on time, solution providers have agreed to “decouple” the 1.3 interface from the 1.3 functionality.

What this means is that everyone on the VRS network will remain connected since we will all support the new 1.3 connections. However, solution providers (or customers) who are not ready to upgrade to the new 1.3 functionality can continue to use VRS as needed. That’s going to be important because it allows us to change the interface so we can at least keep talking to each other. We can be interoperable. But not everyone has to support the features of 1.3 at the same time.

As for timing of the update, we’re talking about doing the testing of the interoperability of 1.3 in Q1 [of 2023]. So we’ll have to push this into a production environment after Q1, but we haven’t agreed on a production date.

What’s the key takeaway, Herb?

There is going to be an upgrade required soon and the industry and solution providers are working to make sure it’s easy to implement. We realize that is not as simple as a software upgrade but we need to carefully consider the revalidation requirements of our customers.

Final thoughts

And there you have it: A DSCSA compliance update about what’s happening right now with industry readiness for product identification (EPCIS and serialization), product tracing, and ATPs and VRS. Thanks, Herb!

Contact us if you have questions about what Herb talked about or the DSCSA in general. We can explain the requirements and how our solutions will help ensure you’re ready for November 2023 and the full serialization of the U.S. pharmaceutical supply chain.

If you like, we can probably arrange a meeting with Herb. But remember, he’s busy. In the coming weeks, he’ll travel to the Antares Vision Group global HQ in Italy, visit the Group’s brand-new North America HQ in New Jersey, and join a panel discussion at the HDA Traceability Seminar in Washington, D.C. (Antares Vision Group is also a sponsor of that annual event.) So reach out today and let’s see what we can work out.

Also take a look at our DSCSA Compliance Library. It’s a clearinghouse of information with links to our blog posts, white papers, webinars — everything — about the law, including the “four cornerstones” Herb talked about in today’s DSCSA compliance update.