March 2023 - rfxcel.com

FSMA 204 Data Carrier Requirements: FDA Guidance & GS1 Standards

We’ve recently talked about Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) traceability requirements and GS1 standards and the FSMA traceability lot code. Today, we’re covering FSMA 204 data carrier requirements: FDA guidance and — once again — GS1 standards, including incorporating the mandated traceability lot code into compliant barcodes.

Like our previous post, we’re basing much of this discussion on GS1’s March 1, 2023, industry guidance document, “Application of GS1 System of Standards to Support FSMA 204.” For an in-depth description of GS1 data carriers, check out our “Understanding GS1 Barcodes in the Global Supply Chain” article.

Data carriers: a quick definition for context

A building block for traceability in any supply chain, data carriers enable product information to be quickly and accurately captured, stored, shared, and leveraged for business needs. Companies can mark their entire product hierarchy — from individual items and inner packs to cases/boxes and pallets — with data carriers, which include barcodes (e.g., linear, 2D DataMatrix codes, and QR codes).

Do GS1 barcodes meet FSMA 204 data carrier requirements?

The short answer is “yes.”

However, FSMA does not mandate the use data carriers to provide product information and the FDA does not say what data must be present to meet the FSMA traceability requirements. This is stated clearly in Federal Register Response 524, in which the FDA says that “firms may use product labels to provide the information required [our emphasis] to their supply chain partners if that suits their business practices.”

In the context of this question, suggestions for “product labels” included twist ties, bags, food-grade stickers, and traditional-type labels on produce or customer order forms. For GS1, product labels mean data carriers, primarily barcodes.

What does GS1 say about FSMA 204 data carriers?

In its guidance document, GS1 says this about the FSMA 204 data carrier requirements (or lack thereof):

“Data carriers are not required to meet the requirements of the Final Rule. For this reason, there is no clear prescription of what data must be present in a data carrier to fulfill traceability for the Final Rule. Instead, companies must evaluate what data will enable rapid access to the necessary information in the event the FDA requests their records.”

GS1 explains three types of data carriers that might have applications for the FSMA 204:

      1. GS1 Element String (1D and 2D), which can contain the primary identifier (e.g., Global Trade Item Number, or GTIN) and attribute data (e.g., lot/batch number, expiration date, sell-by date, net weight)
      2. GS1 Digital Link URI (2D), a web-compatible format that can contain the primary identifier and attribute data
      3. Electronic Product Code Uniform Resource Identifier (EPC URI), which can contain the primary identifier with a serial number plus attribute data for use in RFID tags, primarily UHF passive tags (also called RAIN RFID).

Using GS1 barcodes as a FSMA 204 data carrier

Below are some examples of how GS1 barcodes might look when used as FSMA 204 data carriers. (We’re not going to get into RAIN RFID today.)

Specifically, we want to illustrate how these barcodes could meet the FSMA traceability lot code requirement, which GS1 says a GTIN + batch/lot numbers would satisfy. (Read our article here for more about the traceability lot code.) In the illustrative images below, we’ve highlighted the GS1 Application Identifiers (AIs) for GTIN (01), lot/batch number (10), and expiration date (17). AIs tell systems what information is being interacted with and enable them to process that information accordingly.

GS1-128. GS1-128 is a 1D barcode that can be up to 6.5 inches long and have up to 48 data characters. In terms of FSMA 204 data carriers, GS1 includes an “important” note that “1D barcodes cannot be removed until all stakeholders expected to scan the barcode are fully capable of interacting with 2D barcodes. This means that both a 1D and 2D barcode would be required during any transition period.”

GS1 DataMatrix. GS1 DataMatrix codes are omnidirectional and support attributes and all GS1 identification keys. They can hold 3,116 numeric or 2,335 alphanumeric characters.

GS1 DataMatrix + GS1 Digital Link URI. The GS1 Digital Link URI essentially turns data carriers into web links. GS1 says that “scanning capabilities are not widely available for GS1 Digital Link URI in general distribution,” so companies would  have to update their systems in order to process these barcodes and the data they contain.

GS1 QR Code + GS1 Digital Link URI. Like GS1 DataMatrix codes, GS1 QR codes are omnidirectional and support attributes and all GS1 ID keys; however, they can hold 7,089 numbers or 4,296 alphanumeric characters. Some mobile device cameras cannot process DataMatrix codes, so GS1 says QR Codes are “the current preference for engagement through mobile devices.”

GS1 Barcodes FSMA 204 data carrier

Final thoughts

Let’s repeat what we said in our post about GS1 and FSMA traceability requirements:

One takeaway from today’s article is that the FDA might be telling food companies what the FSMA traceability requirements are, but it’s not telling them how to comply. This is why it’s important to understand GS1’s “take” on the situation and the rationale behind its suggestions.

Food companies are already using GS1 barcodes; adapting them as FSMA 204 data carriers or “product labels” makes good sense. GTINs, batch/lot numbers, Serialized Shipping Container Code (SSCC) data, and other information can be encoded into GS1-128, GS1 DataMatrix, GS1 QR code barcode configurations, as well as Electronic Product Code-enabled RAIN RFID tags and labels.

Contact us today if you’d like to learn more about using a barcode as a FSMA 204 data carrier, how to integrate data capture technology into you FSMA 204 compliance strategy, and everything else you need to have in place by the January 2026 deadline. A short talk with one of our supply chain experts will get you going in the right direction or help you course-correct if you feel like you’ve been treading water with your FSMA initiatives.

And if you’re interested in learning how we’ve put more than 1.5 billion of barcodes on as many products to help a major berry producer control product safety and quality, click here.

Read more about FSMA:

What is the FSMA Traceability Lot Code and Who Must Comply?

If you read our blog (and we know you do), you’re up to speed on the fundamentals of Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) Section 204, including the Food Traceability List (FTL) and the food traceability “Final Rule.” Today, we’re looking at an important part of the regulations — the FSMA traceability lot code — and who must comply.

What is the FSMA traceability lot code?

The FDA defines the FSMA traceability lot code as “a descriptor, often alphanumeric, used to uniquely identify a traceability lot within the records of the firm that assigned the traceability lot code.”

Certain types of companies must assign, record, and share with their trading partners the traceability lot codes for foods on the FTL. These companies must also link the codes to information that identifies FTL foods as they move through the supply chain. (More on this below.)

A traceability lot code must be assigned when any of the following occur:

      • Initial packing of a raw agricultural commodity (RAC*), other than a food obtained from a fishing vessel
      • Performing the first land-based receiving of a food obtained from a fishing vessel
      • Transformation of a food

Section 201(r) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act defines a RAC as “any food in its raw or natural state, including all fruits that are washed, colored, or otherwise treated in their unpeeled natural form prior to marketing.”

The FSMA traceability lot code in action: CTEs and KDEs

To fully understand the FSMA traceability lot code, we have to talk about the cornerstones of FSMA traceability: critical tracking events (CTEs) and key data elements (KDEs), which are required for foods on the FTL.

In broad terms:

      • CTEs include events that happen during growing and processing, such as harvesting, cooling, initial packing, and distribution.
      • KDEs provide the granular details for food traceability, including time, location, unit measurements, and information about the businesses handling the food.
      • Different companies are responsible for different types of KDEs (e.g., for receiving, shipping, transformation).

A FSMA traceability lot code is typically assigned during the “initial packing” CTE, which the law describes as “packing a RAC, other than a food obtained from a fishing vessel, for the first time.” This means that a code is not assigned at previous supply chain nodes, such on a farm, during harvest, or at a cooling facility.

Once a traceability lot code has been assigned, the records required at each CTE must include that code. Furthermore, companies shouldn’t change the traceability lot code they receive from their partners (e.g., a shipper shouldn’t change the code it receives from an initial packager).

Do you have to comply? Are you exempt?

The Final Rule does have exceptions to the requirements we’ve discussed above.

Overall, the law stipulates that “persons who manufacture, process, pack, or hold foods on the FTL [must] maintain records containing KDEs associated with CTEs” and “provide information to the FDA within 24 hours or within some reasonable time to which the FDA has agreed.”

Therefore, speaking generally, initial packagers, shippers, and receivers have to assign, record, and/or share include a FSMA traceability lot code. Companies that transform FTL foods into other products must include the traceability lot code for each ingredient received and a new traceability lot code for the product you’ve created.

However, companies that receive an FTL food from a partner that is exempt from the regulations must assign a traceability lot code if one has not already been assigned — unless the receiving company is a retail food establishment or a restaurant.

Again, we’re speaking generally. The FDA has an online tool to determine if you’re exempt from the Final Rule.

Final thoughts about the FSMA traceability lot code

This is a lot to digest. Online tools are fine, but the better option is to contact us and nail down your FSMA traceability lot code obligations — and to make sure you’re ready to comply with every FSMA requirement.

As we wrote in our last FSMA update about two weeks ago, the deadline to comply is January 20, 2026. That seems like a long way off, but it’s really not when you factor in the complexity of the Final Rule, the FTL, and the other mandates.

Antares Vision Group can help. We’ll answer your questions. We’ll demonstrate how our traceability and compliance solutions meet your exact needs. And we’ll show you how technology from rfxcel brings added value for brand protection, risk mitigation, customer engagement. Drop us a line today and let’s get started.

Read more about FSMA:

 

Antares Vision Group, Through rfxcel, Begins Partnership with Renown Health Network for DSCSA-Compliant Pharmaceutical Tracking

rfxcel, part of Antares Vision Group, will implement DSCSA compliance solutions to help ensure pharmacies across the northern Nevada healthcare network comply with the regulations.

Reno, Nevada, March 8, 2023 — Antares Vision Group (EXM, AV:IM), a leading provider of track and trace and quality control systems, today announced that rfxcel, which is part of the Group, has begun a partnership with Renown Health Foundation to implement compliance software so the network can track and trace pharmaceuticals in compliance with the Drug Supply Chain Security Act (DSCSA).

With rfxcel’s DSCSA compliance solutions, Renown Health’s medical groups and pharmacies will achieve real-time electronic tracing of drug products at the package level to identify and trace prescription drugs as they are distributed throughout the health system. This will enhance Renown’s ability to help protect patients from exposure to drugs that may be counterfeit, stolen, contaminated, or otherwise harmful.

“Reno has been our home since 2018 and many of our employees live and work in the northern Nevada region,” said rfxcel CEO Glenn Abood. “Renown is one of the leading not-for-profit healthcare organizations here and is the perfect partner to team with to give back to our community. We are excited about the opportunity to work with them and to help improve the health and well-being of our friends and neighbors.”

“Ensuring our patient’s medications are safe and legitimate is of the upmost importance to us,” said Renown’s Vice President of Pharmacy Services Adam Porath. “When members of our community get involved in our work, it brings us all closer together. We are thankful that Antares Vision Group and rfxcel are partnering with us on our healing mission. They are making it possible for us to keep our patients safe, comply with the demanding DSCSA requirements, and respond quickly to changing supply chain requirements.”

For further information, write us at news@rfxcel.com.

 

ABOUT ANTARES VISION GROUP

Antares Vision Group is an outstanding technology partner in digitalization and innovation for companies and institutions, guaranteeing the safety of products and people, business competitiveness, and environmental protection. The Group provides a unique and comprehensive ecosystem of technologies to guarantee product quality (inspection systems and equipment) and end-to-end product traceability (from raw materials to production, from distribution to the consumer) through integrated data management, applying artificial intelligence and blockchain technology. Antares Vision Group is active in life science (pharmaceutical, biomedical devices and hospitals) and Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG), including food, beverage, cosmetics, and glass and metal containers. As a world leader in track and trace solutions for pharmaceutical products, the Group provides major global manufacturers (over 50% of the top 20 multinationals) and numerous government authorities with solutions, monitoring their supply chains and validating product authenticity. Listed since April 2019 on the Italian Stock Exchange in the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) segment and from 14 May 2021 in the STAR segment of the Mercato Telematico Azionario (MTA), Antares Vision Group recorded a turnover of €179 million in 2021, operates in 60 countries, employs more than 1,000 people, and has a consolidated network of over 40 international partners. To learn more, please visit www.antaresvision.com and www.antaresvisiongroup.com.

ABOUT RENOWN HEALTH

Renown Health is Nevada’s largest, not-for-profit integrated healthcare network serving Nevada, Lake Tahoe, and northeast California. With a diverse workforce of more than 9,000 employees, Renown has fostered a longstanding culture of excellence, determination, and innovation. The organization comprises a trauma center, two acute care hospitals, a children’s hospital, a rehabilitation hospital, a medical group and urgent care network, and the locally owned not-for-profit insurance company, Hometown Health. Renown is currently enrolling participants in a community-based genetic population health study, the Healthy Nevada Project®.

India Track and Trace Regulations: March 31 Deadline for Exports & More

India iVEDA deadline extension link

This year will be a busy one for pharmaceutical compliance as governments around the world continue to roll out their serialization and traceability plans. India track and trace regulations are no exception: There was a deadline in January, there’s one at the end of this month, and another is coming in August.

Let’s take a look at the India track and trace regulations and what the pharma industry has to do to be ready.

January 1: Labeling APIs

As of January 1, 2023, all imported and domestically manufactured active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) must be labeled with QR codes “at each level packaging that store data or information.” This is the culmination of a process that began in June 2019, when the Drugs Technical Advisory Board (DTAB) approved a proposal mandating QR codes on APIs. At that time, DTAB estimated that the regulation would affect approximately 2,500 APIs.

The QR codes must contain 11 data points, including a unique product identification code, the name of the API, and the manufacturing and expiry dates. The QR codes must link to a national database with pricing data from the National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority.

March 31: Full track and trace and reporting to the iVEDA Portal for exported drugs

For all exported drugs, March 31 is the deadline for full track and trace and reporting to the Integrated Validation of Exports of Drugs from India and its Authentication (iVEDA) portal. The rules apply to both small-scale industry (SSI)- and non-SSI-manufactured drugs. The iVEDA portal is used for only registering and reporting exported drugs.

August 1: Barcoding for the Top 300 domestic pharma brands

These rules were originally scheduled to come into force on May 1, but that was pushed back to August 1. The rules stipulate that eight data points must be incorporated into a “Bar Code or Quick Response Code” to be printed on or affixed to the primary packaging, including a unique product identification code (e.g., GTIN), the brand name, and manufacturing and expiry dates.

Final thoughts about the India track and trace regulations

We talked about these regulations in more detail last year. See that article here. As we said then, our team has worked in the India pharma market for many years and understands its complexities, challenges, and benefits. We have offices and experienced staff in the country. Contact us today to learn more about the India track and trace regulations and to arrange a demo. In about 15 minutes, one of our supply chain experts can show you how we can help ensure you comply while maximizing your impact in this huge market.